Toxic gain function
Achondroplasia
Genotype
FGFR3
Mechanism
Toxic gain function
Phenotype
Locomotor activity, Motor coordination, Exploratory behavior, Fatigue, Pain
Biomarker
Alkaline phosphatase, Osteocalcin, MMP-13
Gene Expression Markers
stat1, mapk1, raf1, sox9, igf1, casp3
Physiology Changes
Reduced growth, Increased head body ratio, Altered bone mineral density
Histology Grading Endpoint
Disorganization of Proliferative zone, Premature hypertrophy, Irregular bone architecture, Decreased columnar organization



